Publications

In brief: We established GeNL, a luminescent protein not previously used to sense oxygen, as a genetically encoded oxygen sensor and used it to image cortical oxygen tension in awake, behaving mice. This revealed brief, spatially confined “hypoxic pockets” linked to stalled local capillary flow — and exercise reduced their burden by 52% compared with rest.

In brief: We describe a fourth meningeal layer — the subarachnoid lymphatic-like membrane (SLYM) — that divides the subarachnoid space into functional compartments. SLYM encases blood vessels, harbors immune cells, and permits direct exchange of small solutes between cerebrospinal fluid and venous blood.